80 Questions and Answers About How to Read Literature Like a Professor
New IELTS reading exercise test 2 [How Well Do We Concentrate?]
READING PASSAGE 2
You should spend nearly twenty minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage ii below.
Do you read while listening to music? Do you like to watch Telly while finishing your homework? People who accept these kinds of habits are called multi-taskers. Multitaskers are able to complete two tasks at the same time past dividing their focus. All the same, Thomas Lehman, a researcher in Psychology, believes people never actually do multiple things simultaneously. Peradventure a person is reading while listening to music, just in reality, the brain tin only focus on one job. Reading the words in a volume volition cause you lot to ignore some of the words of the music. When people think they are accomplishing two different tasks efficiently, what they are really doing is dividing their focus. While listening to music, people become less able to focus on their surroundings. For example, we all have experience of times when we talk with friends and they are not responding properly. Mayhap they are listening to someone else talk, or maybe they are reading a text on their smart telephone and don't hear what y'all are saying. Lehman called this miracle "email voice"
B
the earth has been changed by computers and its spin offs like smart-phones or cellphones. Now that about individuals have a personal device, like a smart-phone or a laptop, they are frequently reading, watching or listening to virtual information. This raises the occurrence of multitasking in our mean solar day to day life. Now when y'all piece of work, yous work with your typewriter, your cellphone, and some colleagues who may drop by at any fourth dimension to speak with you lot. In professional meetings, when i normally focuses and listens to one another, people are more likely to have a cell phone in their lap, reading or communicating silently with more people than ever, liven inventions such equally the cordless telephone has increased multitasking. In the quondam days, a traditional wall phone would ring, and so the housewife would have to cease her activities to answer it. When it rang, the housewife will sit down with her legs upwardly. and conversation, with no laundry or sweeping or answering the door. In the modern era, our engineering is user-friendly enough to non interrupt our daily tasks.
C
Earl Miller, an expert at the Massachusetts Constitute of Technology, studied the prefrontal cortex, which controls the encephalon while a person is multitasking. Co-ordinate to his studies, the size of this cortex varies between species, He establish that for humans, the size of this part constitutes 1 third of the brain, while it is just 4 to five percent in dogs, and about 15% in monkeys. Given that this cortex is larger on a human being, it allows a man to exist more flexible and accurate in his or her multitasking.. However, Miller wanted to expect further into whether the cortex was truly processing information most ii unlike tasks
simultaneously. He designed an experiment where he presents visual stimulants to his subjects in a wax that mimics multi-tasking. Miller and then fastened sensors to the patients " heads to pick upwards the electric patterns of the brain. This sensor would show if " the brain particles, called neurons, were truly processing ii unlike tasks. What he found is that the brain neurons merely lit up in atypical areas i at a time, and never simultaneously.
D
Davis Meyer, a professor of University of Michigan, studied the young adults in a similar experiment. He instructed them to simultaneously do math problems and classify simple words into different categories. For this experiment. Meyer institute that when you think you lot are doing several jobs at the same time, you are actually switching between jobs. Even though the people tried to do the tasks at the aforementioned time, and both tasks were eventually accomplished, overall, the task look more time than if the person focused on a single task 1 at a time.
Eastward
People sacrifice efficiency when multitasking, Gloria Mark set office workers every bit his subjects. He found that they were constantly multitasking. He observed that nearly every xi minutes people at work were disrupted. He institute that doing different jobs at the same time may really save time. Notwithstanding, despite the fact that they are faster, it does not mean they are more efficient. And we are equally likely to self-interrupt equally exist interrupted by outside sources. He found that in office nearly every 12 minutes an employee would stop and with no reason at all, cheek a website on their computer, call someone or write an email. If they full-bodied for more than 20 minutes, they would feel distressed. He suggested that the boilerplate person may suffer from a curt concentration span. This brusk attention bridge might be natural, but others suggest that new engineering science may be the problem. With cellphones and computers at our sides at all times, people will never run out of distractions. The format of media, such as advertisements, music, news articles and Tv set shows are also shortening, then people are used to paying attention to information for a very brusque time
F
Then even though focusing on one unmarried job is the most efficient way for our brains to work, it is not practical to use this method in real life. According to man nature, people feel more comfortable and efficient in environments with a multifariousness of tasks, Edward Hallowell said that people are losing a lot of efficiency in the workplace due to multitasking, outside distractions and cocky-distractions. Equally it affair of fact, the changes made to the workplace do not have to be dramatic. No i is suggesting nosotros ban electronic mail or make employees focus on but one task. However, certain mutual workplace tasks, such equally group meetings, would be more efficient if nosotros banned cell-phones, a common distraction. A person can also apply these tips to foreclose self-lark. Instead of arriving to your office and checking all of your e-mails for new tasks, a mutual workplace ritual, a person could dedicate an 60 minutes to a single job first thing in the morning. Self-timing is a cracking way to reduce distraction and efficiently finish tasks one by i, instead of slowing ourselves downwardly with multi-tasking.
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Department two: QUESTIONS 14-26
Questions 14-xviii
Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.
Which paragraph contains the following data?
Write the correct alphabetic character, A-F, in boxes fourteen-eighteen on your answer sheet.
14 a reference to a domestic situation that does not require multitasking
15 a possible explanation of why nosotros always practise multitask together
16 a practical solution to multitask in work environment
17 relating multitasking to the size of prefrontal cortex
18 longer time spent doing 2 tasks at the same fourth dimension than one at a time
Questions nineteen-23
Await at the following statements (Questions 19-23) and the listing of scientists beneath. Match each statement with the right scientist, A-E.
Write the right letter, A-E, in boxes 19-23 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use whatsoever letter more than one time.
List of Scientists
A Thomas Lehman
B Earl Miller
C David Meyer
D Gloria Marking
Eastward Edward Hallowell
19 When faced multiple visual stimulants, one can only concentrate on one of them.
twenty Doing 2 things together may be faster but not better.
21 People never really do 2 things together even if you think you lot do.
22 The causes of multitask lie in the surround.
23 Even minor changes in the workplace volition improve work efficiency.
Questions 24-26
Consummate the sentences beneath.
Cull NO More THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each reply.
Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your reply sail .
A term used to refer to a state of affairs when you lot are reading a text and cannot focus on your environment is 24 _________
The 25 _________
part of the brain controls multitasking.
The applied solution of multitask in work is not to allow use of cellphone in 26 _______
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ANSWERS
14 B
15 E
sixteen F
17 C
18 D
19 B
xx D
21 A
22 E
23 E
24 electronic mail vocalisation
25 prefrontal cortex
26 group meetings
Source: http://overseaspunjab.blogspot.com/2018/06/new-ielts-reading-practice-test-2-how.html
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